Xeriscaping is a landscaping concept developed to conserve water in arid areas of the country. Since the inception of this landscaping design, it has spread to encompass not only saving water, but encouraging the use of indigenous (of a local origin) plants in landscaping.

The term xeriscape comes from “xeros” the Greek word for dry. Combined with “scape” – which literally means a picture or a view of a type of scene – we have the term for a dry landscape. Unfortunately, people think xeriscaping only has benefits for dry, hot areas. In fact, xeriscaping can transform a landscape into a beautiful, year-round water saving feature than can save homeowner’s time and money on landscape maintenance while conserving natural resources.

Xeriscaping utilizes several principles to conserve water. First and foremost, the design embraces the concept of an oasis. The cool, lush areas that require the highest use of water should be placed near the area where one lives. The further away from the oasis, the less water consumptive the landscape should be.

Next is the limitation of turf areas. Place modest quantities of turf in areas where it will be used for cooling the environment, for play and recreation. Don’t forget the utilitarian need for animals, too. There is no sense in placing thousands of square feet of turf grass out where no one will use it. Often, less water consumptive landscape materials such as groundcovers or mulches may be utilized in place of thirsty grasses.

Consult a professional to prepare a landscape plan and to coordinate the construction. Prepare the design to accommodate the needs of your family and how you will use the area surrounding your home. Place the lushest flowers and shrubs of the greatest density near the play area. Turf areas should be easily accessible for entry and maintenance.

One important principle is to avoid over planting. Too many landscapes are planted densely in a belief that “more is better” and/or a desire to have a mature look at the time of planting. Too often, as the plants mature, the landscape takes on a cluttered appearance, with everything jammed into one another. Even the most experienced designer needs to remember that some open space will allow for better appreciation of the plants.

Choose the right plant for the location. Trees and shrubs that are placed too near structures or power lines can spell disaster or result in an untimely removal of the plant. Plants that require pruning every 5 to 7 years to control growth may be in the wrong location. Have your designer draw everything to the mature size on the scale drawing to ensure proper placement.

Designs should provide for ample shade near the residence to take advantage of the cooling effect that trees provide. If winter warmth is desired, the trees should be deciduous. Trees that block exposure to winds may be evergreen.

If possible, contour the landscape to capture natural rainfall. Most urban conditions require homebuilders to work on the opposite principle, ensuring quick drainage away from the structure. If your landscaped area allows for retention, your plants will benefit from additional ground water reserves during the day, and reduce the amount of time you need to spend watering plants.